O plano de gerenciamento de resíduos é importante em todo tipo de trabalho que envolve a construção civil e demolição, pois quando são realizados esses trabalhos, diversos materiais são descartados, ou reaproveitados.Cada resíduo possui o seu destino correto, e o papel do plano de gerenciamento de resíduos entra em ação.

Esse documento de planejamento prévio, é responsável por garantir que cada resíduo, resultante da obra, vá para o seu respectivo lugar, fazendo com que os materiais não prejudiquem o meio ambiente, trazendo então menos impacto ambiental, com seu descarte e tratamento de forma correta.

Esse plano contempla as informações específicas da obra, todas as etapas dos resíduos, desde a separação de cada um deles,seu armazenamento por classificação, até a indicação do transporte para o destino final.

É de extrema importância que as empresas de demoliçãoforneçam esse documento quando são realizadas as obras, pois assim, estão de acordo com os órgãos, evitam multas, ajudam a preservar o meio ambiente e entre outros diversos pontos importantes que veremos no decorrer do post.

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Classificação do gerenciamento de resíduos

Antes de falarmos dos diversos pontos importantes para o plano de gerenciamento de resíduos, é ideal que saibamos que cada resíduo é separado por classes, para melhor visualização e trabalho.

Classe A

Essa classe é composta por todos os resíduos resultantes de demolição, que podem ser reutilizados ou reciclados, como por exemplo: areia, telhas, tijolos, etc…

Classe B

São todos os materiais que podem ser reciclados, como por exemplo: papel, madeiras e papelão.

Classe C

São os resíduos que não podem ser reciclados, pois não foram desenvolvidas tecnologias ou aplicações economicamente viáveis, para tal ação, podemos colocar como exemplo os seguintes materiais: Gesso e peças de fibra e nylon e isopor

Classe D

Nesta classe entram todos os resíduos que são considerados perigosos, tanto para os seres humanos quanto para o meio ambiente, como por exemplo: amianto, solventes e óleo.

Aqui informamos as classes para o plano de gerenciamento de resíduos e citamos alguns exemplos de cada um. Agora vamos mostrar em tópicos quais são as etapas da separação de cada material para o plano de gerenciamento ser desenvolvido.

Caracterização

Nesta etapa é identificado os materiais, bem como se faz a contagem dos mesmos.

Triagem

É feita a organização do ambiente para que cada resíduo identificado seja separado corretamente.

Acondicionamento

Todos os resíduos separados, devem ser acondicionados em ambientes adequados até o envio para outro local.

Transporte

Deverá ser feito de acordo com as legislações vigentes e de empresas autorizadas.

Destinação

Local final de cada resíduo. São transportados para locais adequados a cada classe.

Importância de um Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos

Meio ambiente

Quando falamos em obras, construções e demolições, logo, associamos a diversos materiais, resíduos, poluição e muito mais.

Para que isso não ocorra e não afete os seres humanos e o meio ambiente, as empresas de demolição com o plano de gerenciamento de resíduos, faz com que a demolição tenha menor impacto ambiental por conta da separação adequada de cada material, contribuindo assim para a sustentabilidade.

Segurança para os trabalhadores

Ao contratar uma empresa de demolição sabemos que estamos contratando uma empresa do qual há trabalhadores que já são especializados, para melhor segurança e qualidade na obra.

Oplano de gerenciamento de resíduos entra como um grande aliado, pois, durante a obra, não há odescarte incorreto dos materiais, evitando também o remanejo dos mesmos de forma incorreta, exposição a agentes que podem ser prejudiciais à saúde dos trabalhadores, que por sua vez deverão estar equipados com roupas de proteção apropriadas e EPI’S.

Segurança para a população

Além dos cuidados que devem ser assumidos com os trabalhadores que têm contato direto com todos os materiais e resíduos, temos a população e a vizinhança.

Todos os resíduos quando descartados incorretamente, podem ocasionar uma série de problemas a população, se por exemplo, houver o acúmulo de água parada nos objetos em obra, ou se há o acúmulo de substâncias tóxicas, sabemos que quando aspiradas podem ocasionar problemas de saúde. Daí mais uma vez a importância de colocar o plano em ação de modo a prevenir tais fatos.

Tudo isso poderá ser evitado através do Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos da Construção Civil (PGRCC), também chamado de planejamento prévio, pois com ele todos os materiais são remanejados, separados e descartados corretamente.

Conclusão

Aqui citamos apenas alguns dos pontos importantes em obter um Plano de gerenciamento de Resíduos, as classes em que cada resíduo é separado e como é feito o processo de gerenciamento.

Vimos também que é imprescindível uma empresa de demolição obter tal documento antes de fazer qualquer obra ou demolição, assim evita uma série de prejuízos ao meio ambiente, obra e população.

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